EMBARGOED UNTIL RELEASE AT 8:30 A.M. EDT, FRIDAY, APRIL 29, 2016 BEA 16-22 Technical: James Rankin (202)606-5301 (Personal Income) piniwd@bea.gov Harvey Davis (202)606-5302 (Personal Consumption Expenditures) pce@bea.gov Media: Jeannine Aversa (202)606-2649 PERSONAL INCOME AND OUTLAYS: MARCH 2016 Personal income increased $57.4 billion, or 0.4 percent, and disposable personal income (DPI) increased $50.4 billion, or 0.4 percent, in March, according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis. Personal consumption expenditures (PCE) increased $12.8 billion, or 0.1 percent. In February, personal income increased $12.0 billion, or 0.1 percent, DPI increased $11.4 billion, or 0.1 percent, and PCE increased $21.4 billion, or 0.2 percent, based on revised estimates. Real DPI increased 0.3 percent in March, compared with an increase of 0.2 percent in February. Real PCE increased less than 0.1 percent, compared with an increase of 0.3 percent. 2015 2016 Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. (Percent change from preceding month) Personal income, current dollars 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.4 Disposable personal income: Current dollars 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.4 Chained (2009) dollars 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 Personal consumption expenditures: Current dollars 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 Chained (2009) dollars 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.0 FOOTNOTE._________ Monthly estimates are expressed at seasonally adjusted annual rates, unless otherwise specified. Month-to-month dollar changes are differences between these published estimates. Month-to-month percent changes are calculated from unrounded data and are not annualized. “Real” estimates are in chained (2009) dollars. This news release is available on BEA’s Web site at www.bea.gov/newsreleases/rels.htm. __________________ Compensation Wages and salaries increased $29.2 billion in March, in contrast to a decrease of $4.6 billion in February. Private wages and salaries increased $26.3 billion, in contrast to a decrease of $8.0 billion. Government wages and salaries increased $2.8 billion, compared with an increase of $3.4 billion. Supplements to wages and salaries increased $5.4 billion in March, compared with an increase of $3.0 billion in February. Other personal income Proprietors' income increased $0.6 billion in March, in contrast to a decrease of $2.4 billion in February. Farm proprietors' income decreased $0.9 billion, the same decrease as in February. Nonfarm proprietors' income increased $1.5 billion in March, in contrast to a decrease of $1.6 billion in February. Rental income of persons increased $5.4 billion in March, compared with an increase of $5.2 billion in February. Personal income receipts on assets (personal interest income plus personal dividend income) increased $12.5 billion, in contrast to a decrease of $4.3 billion. Personal current transfer receipts increased $7.6 billion in March, compared with an increase of $14.0 billion in February. Contributions for government social insurance -- a subtraction in calculating personal income -- increased $3.3 billion in March, in contrast to a decrease of $1.2 billion in February. Personal current taxes and disposable personal income Personal current taxes increased $6.9 billion in March, compared with an increase of $0.6 billion in February. Disposable personal income (DPI) -- personal income less personal current taxes -- increased $50.4 billion, or 0.4 percent, compared with an increase of $11.4 billion, or 0.1 percent. Personal outlays and personal saving Personal outlays -- PCE, personal interest payments, and personal current transfer payments -- increased $11.2 billion in March, compared with an increase of $20.0 billion in February. PCE increased $12.8 billion, compared with an increase of $21.4 billion. Personal saving -- DPI less personal outlays -- was $735.5 billion in March, compared with $696.4 billion in February. The personal saving rate -- personal saving as a percentage of disposable personal income -- was 5.4 percent, compared with 5.1 percent. For a comparison of personal saving in BEA's national income and product accounts with personal saving in the Federal Reserve Board's Financial Accounts of the United States and data on changes in net worth, go to www.bea.gov/national/nipaweb/nipa-frb.asp. Real DPI, real PCE, and price index Real DPI -- DPI adjusted to remove price changes -- increased 0.3 percent in March, compared with an increase of 0.2 percent in February. Real PCE -- PCE adjusted to remove price changes -- increased less than 0.1 percent in March, compared with an increase of 0.3 percent in February. Purchases of durable goods decreased 0.3 percent, in contrast to an increase of 0.4 percent. Purchases of motor vehicles and parts more than accounted for the decrease in March. Purchases of nondurable goods increased 0.7 percent in March, in contrast to a decrease of 0.3 percent in February. Purchases of services decreased 0.1 percent, in contrast to an increase of 0.4 percent. The price index for PCE increased 0.1 percent in March, in contrast to a decrease of 0.1 percent in February. The PCE price index, excluding food and energy, increased 0.1 percent, compared with an increase of 0.2 percent. The March PCE price index increased 0.8 percent from March a year ago.  The March PCE price index, excluding food and energy, increased 1.6 percent from March a year ago. Revisions Estimates have been revised for January and February. Changes in personal income, in current-dollar and chained (2009) dollar DPI, and in current-dollar and chained (2009) dollar PCE for January and for February -- revised and as published in last month's release -- are shown below. Change from preceding month January February Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised (Billions of dollars) (Percent) (Billions of dollars) (Percent) Personal income: Current dollars 72.7 63.3 0.5 0.4 23.7 12.0 0.2 0.1 Disposable personal income: Current dollars 57.2 49.9 0.4 0.4 23.7 11.4 0.2 0.1 Chained (2009) dollars 38.2 29.1 0.3 0.2 34.8 22.6 0.3 0.2 Personal consumption expenditures: Current dollars 10.7 19.1 0.1 0.2 11.0 21.4 0.1 0.2 Chained (2009) dollars -2.9 2.4 0.0 0.0 22.1 30.6 0.2 0.3 BOX._____________________ Upcoming Annual Revision of the National Income and Product Accounts As part of the annual revision of the national income and product accounts (NIPAs), revised estimates of personal income and outlays will be released in conjunction with preliminary estimates for June 2016 on August 2, 2016. This regular revision of the estimates will cover the most recent 3 years and the first 5 months of 2016. For more information, see the GDP Technical Note. _________________________ BEA's national, international, regional, and industry estimates; BEA news releases; and related articles in the Survey of Current Business are available for free on BEA's Web site at www.bea.gov. The entire historical time series for these estimates can be accessed in BEA's Interactive Data Application at www.bea.gov/itable/. Stay informed about BEA developments by signing up for our email subscription service or following us on Twitter @BEA_News. You also can access BEA data by registering for our Data Application Programming Interface, or API at www.bea.gov/API/signup/index.cfm. BEA's news release schedule is available at www.bea.gov/newsreleases/news_release_sort_national.htm * * * Next release – Tuesday, May 31, 2016 at 8:30 A.M. EDT Personal Income and Outlays for April Table 1. Personal Income and Its Disposition (Months) [Billions of dollars] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------Seasonally adjusted at annual rates------------------------- ------------------------2015------------------------ -------------2016------------- Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan.\r\ Feb.\r\ March\p\ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Personal income........................... 15,451.3 15,472.9 15,520.7 15,561.2 15,601.4 15,664.8 15,676.8 15,734.1 Compensation of employees............... 9,719.9 9,718.5 9,768.8 9,816.1 9,835.6 9,887.5 9,885.9 9,920.5 Wages and salaries.................... 7,879.5 7,875.4 7,919.5 7,960.3 7,975.2 8,021.0 8,016.4 8,045.6 Private industries.................. 6,604.6 6,599.7 6,642.4 6,681.1 6,693.5 6,733.6 6,725.6 6,751.9 Goods-producing industries........ 1,314.1 1,307.3 1,315.5 1,331.9 1,320.5 1,330.1 1,325.2 1,326.2 Manufacturing................... 805.9 801.2 805.0 816.5 804.9 812.3 808.6 807.9 Services-producing industries..... 5,290.4 5,292.4 5,326.9 5,349.2 5,373.0 5,403.5 5,400.4 5,425.8 Trade, transportation, and utilities...................... 1,244.2 1,246.6 1,252.6 1,257.2 1,261.3 1,263.5 1,264.2 1,268.8 Other services-producing industries..................... 4,046.2 4,045.8 4,074.3 4,092.0 4,111.7 4,140.0 4,136.2 4,156.9 Government.......................... 1,274.9 1,275.7 1,277.0 1,279.2 1,281.7 1,287.4 1,290.8 1,293.7 Supplements to wages and salaries..... 1,840.4 1,843.1 1,849.4 1,855.8 1,860.4 1,866.5 1,869.5 1,874.9 Employer contributions for employee pension and insurance funds\1\..... 1,270.4 1,273.9 1,277.6 1,281.5 1,285.7 1,289.5 1,293.4 1,297.4 Employer contributions for government social insurance........ 569.9 569.2 571.7 574.3 574.8 577.0 576.1 577.5 Proprietors' income with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments............................ 1,398.1 1,404.2 1,407.0 1,401.0 1,412.3 1,414.4 1,412.0 1,412.6 Farm.................................. 65.2 68.0 62.5 57.1 51.6 50.7 49.9 49.0 Nonfarm............................... 1,332.9 1,336.2 1,344.5 1,343.9 1,360.6 1,363.7 1,362.1 1,363.6 Rental income of persons with capital consumption adjustment................. 663.4 665.8 668.4 671.6 675.3 679.6 684.8 690.2 Personal income receipts on assets...... 2,202.5 2,209.1 2,202.3 2,196.5 2,187.0 2,193.2 2,188.8 2,201.4 Personal interest income.............. 1,335.0 1,337.0 1,327.7 1,318.3 1,309.0 1,315.0 1,321.0 1,327.0 Personal dividend income.............. 867.5 872.1 874.6 878.2 878.0 878.2 867.8 874.4 Personal current transfer receipts...... 2,676.7 2,683.6 2,687.8 2,694.8 2,711.5 2,719.4 2,733.4 2,740.9 Government social benefits to persons.............................. 2,633.2 2,639.9 2,644.0 2,650.8 2,667.3 2,675.1 2,688.9 2,696.2 Social security\2\.................. 875.9 875.4 877.6 878.2 889.3 884.8 887.1 886.9 Medicare\3\......................... 622.4 625.2 628.4 631.5 634.5 637.8 641.0 644.1 Medicaid............................ 540.1 544.6 544.4 545.3 549.2 550.3 552.6 554.8 Unemployment insurance.............. 33.2 32.6 31.7 32.2 32.6 32.7 32.6 32.1 Veterans' benefits.................. 94.6 95.5 96.2 98.4 98.7 98.0 98.5 99.3 Other............................... 467.0 466.7 465.6 465.4 463.0 471.4 477.0 479.1 Other current transfer receipts, from business (net)....................... 43.4 43.6 43.8 44.0 44.2 44.3 44.5 44.7 Less: Contributions for government social insurance, domestic............. 1,209.2 1,208.2 1,213.6 1,218.8 1,220.3 1,229.3 1,228.1 1,231.4 Less: Personal current taxes.............. 1,958.7 1,958.8 1,975.4 1,987.9 1,993.8 2,007.3 2,007.8 2,014.8 Equals: Disposable personal income........ 13,492.6 13,514.1 13,545.3 13,573.3 13,607.6 13,657.5 13,668.9 13,719.3 Less: Personal outlays.................... 12,810.8 12,831.9 12,854.1 12,907.5 12,929.8 12,952.6 12,972.6 12,983.8 Personal consumption expenditures....... 12,363.6 12,386.7 12,405.5 12,455.0 12,473.4 12,492.5 12,513.9 12,526.6 Goods................................. 4,033.2 4,012.7 4,005.3 4,027.5 4,001.7 3,986.5 3,959.1 3,966.5 Durable goods....................... 1,339.1 1,345.3 1,339.0 1,353.9 1,347.8 1,339.9 1,341.1 1,332.6 Nondurable goods.................... 2,694.1 2,667.4 2,666.3 2,673.6 2,653.9 2,646.6 2,618.1 2,633.9 Services.............................. 8,330.4 8,374.0 8,400.2 8,427.5 8,471.7 8,506.0 8,554.7 8,560.1 Personal interest payments\4\........... 269.4 267.1 270.6 274.1 277.6 276.1 274.6 273.1 Personal current transfer payments...... 177.7 178.0 178.0 178.3 178.7 183.9 184.1 184.1 To government......................... 97.7 98.0 98.3 98.6 99.0 103.7 103.8 103.8 To the rest of the world (net)........ 80.0 80.0 79.7 79.7 79.7 80.2 80.2 80.2 Equals: Personal saving................... 681.8 682.2 691.2 665.8 677.9 704.9 696.4 735.5 Personal saving as a percentage of disposable personal income............. 5.1 5.0 5.1 4.9 5.0 5.2 5.1 5.4 Addenda: Personal income excluding current transfer receipts, billions of chained (2009) dollars\5\...................... 11,639.8 11,659.7 11,690.7 11,706.6 11,737.8 11,772.8 11,782.5 11,821.5 Disposable personal income: Total, billions of chained (2009) dollars\5\........................... 12,293.9 12,320.4 12,339.6 12,349.8 12,391.3 12,420.4 12,443.0 12,482.2 Per capita: Current dollars..................... 41,900 41,936 42,003 42,062 42,142 42,273 42,287 42,420 Chained (2009) dollars.............. 38,178 38,232 38,264 38,270 38,375 38,444 38,495 38,595 Population (midperiod, thousands)\6\.... 322,016 322,255 322,484 322,697 322,897 323,076 323,238 323,413 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p Preliminary r Revised 1. Includes actual employer contributions and actuarially imputed employer contributions to reflect benefits accrued by defined benefit pension plan participants through service to employers in the current period. 2. Social security benefits include old-age, survivors, and disability insurance benefits that are distributed from the federal old-age and survivors insurance trust fund and the disability insurance trust fund. 3. Medicare benefits include hospital and supplementary medical insurance benefits that are distributed from the federal hospital insurance trust fund and the supplementary medical insurance trust fund. 4. Consists of nonmortgage interest paid by households. 5. The current-dollar measure is deflated by the implicit price deflator for personal consumption expenditures. 6. Population is the total population of the United States, including the Armed Forces overseas and the institutionalized population. The monthly estimate is the average of estimates for the first of the month and the first of the following month; the annual and quarterly estimates are averages of the monthly estimates. Table 2. Personal Income and Its Disposition (Years and Quarters) [Billions of dollars] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2014 2015 --------------Seasonally adjusted at annual rates-------------- 2014 -------------------2015------------------- 2016 IV I II III IV I ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Personal income........................... 14,694.2 15,340.4 14,955.7 15,079.8 15,277.0 15,443.7 15,561.1 15,691.9 Compensation of employees............... 9,248.9 9,654.9 9,424.9 9,487.9 9,615.2 9,709.5 9,806.9 9,898.0 Wages and salaries.................... 7,477.8 7,824.0 7,632.6 7,682.4 7,791.8 7,870.0 7,951.7 8,027.7 Private industries.................. 6,240.5 6,555.2 6,384.4 6,425.9 6,526.7 6,595.8 6,672.3 6,737.0 Goods-producing industries........ 1,260.9 1,306.4 1,292.9 1,288.0 1,303.2 1,311.5 1,322.6 1,327.2 Manufacturing................... 780.9 801.7 796.5 792.1 801.7 804.1 808.8 809.6 Services-producing industries..... 4,979.7 5,248.8 5,091.5 5,138.0 5,223.5 5,284.2 5,349.7 5,409.9 Trade, transportation, and utilities...................... 1,175.5 1,235.1 1,203.3 1,210.9 1,229.1 1,243.5 1,257.0 1,265.5 Other services-producing industries..................... 3,804.2 4,013.7 3,888.2 3,927.0 3,994.4 4,040.8 4,092.7 4,144.4 Government.......................... 1,237.2 1,268.8 1,248.2 1,256.5 1,265.0 1,274.2 1,279.3 1,290.6 Supplements to wages and salaries..... 1,771.2 1,830.9 1,792.3 1,805.5 1,823.4 1,839.5 1,855.2 1,870.3 Employer contributions for employee pension and insurance funds\1\..... 1,224.0 1,264.3 1,236.3 1,246.8 1,258.3 1,270.3 1,281.6 1,293.4 Employer contributions for government social insurance........ 547.2 566.6 556.0 558.7 565.0 569.2 573.6 576.8 Proprietors' income with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments............................ 1,346.7 1,388.3 1,377.9 1,369.4 1,377.0 1,400.1 1,406.7 1,413.0 Farm.................................. 78.1 59.9 74.8 60.5 56.9 65.2 57.1 49.9 Nonfarm............................... 1,268.6 1,328.4 1,303.0 1,308.9 1,320.1 1,334.9 1,349.7 1,363.1 Rental income of persons with capital consumption adjustment................. 610.8 656.6 628.4 637.0 654.1 663.6 671.7 684.9 Personal income receipts on assets...... 2,117.5 2,180.5 2,130.6 2,145.5 2,178.3 2,202.8 2,195.3 2,194.4 Personal interest income.............. 1,302.0 1,312.3 1,289.8 1,282.6 1,313.4 1,335.0 1,318.3 1,321.0 Personal dividend income.............. 815.5 868.2 840.8 863.0 864.9 867.8 876.9 873.5 Personal current transfer receipts...... 2,529.2 2,662.7 2,571.0 2,625.8 2,651.3 2,675.7 2,698.0 2,731.2 Government social benefits to persons.............................. 2,487.2 2,619.5 2,528.9 2,583.4 2,608.4 2,632.2 2,654.0 2,686.7 Social security\2\.................. 834.6 871.8 843.8 861.6 869.4 874.5 881.7 886.3 Medicare\3\......................... 597.8 619.8 605.3 609.8 615.3 622.5 631.4 641.0 Medicaid............................ 487.4 534.9 507.1 523.9 529.0 540.4 546.3 552.6 Unemployment insurance.............. 35.8 33.3 32.9 35.0 33.1 32.9 32.2 32.5 Veterans' benefits.................. 83.7 94.4 86.7 90.7 94.1 95.1 97.8 98.6 Other............................... 447.9 465.3 453.3 462.2 467.5 466.9 464.7 475.8 Other current transfer receipts, from business (net)....................... 42.0 43.2 42.1 42.4 42.9 43.4 44.0 44.5 Less: Contributions for government social insurance, domestic............. 1,159.0 1,202.5 1,177.2 1,185.8 1,198.9 1,207.9 1,217.6 1,229.6 Less: Personal current taxes.............. 1,780.2 1,945.4 1,838.8 1,900.1 1,938.7 1,957.3 1,985.7 2,010.0 Equals: Disposable personal income........ 12,913.9 13,395.0 13,116.8 13,179.8 13,338.3 13,486.4 13,575.4 13,681.9 Less: Personal outlays.................... 12,293.7 12,717.5 12,502.5 12,492.2 12,674.5 12,806.2 12,897.1 12,969.6 Personal consumption expenditures....... 11,865.9 12,271.9 12,061.4 12,055.5 12,228.4 12,359.0 12,444.7 12,511.0 Goods................................. 3,948.4 3,978.8 3,980.1 3,901.5 3,978.1 4,024.1 4,011.5 3,970.7 Durable goods....................... 1,280.2 1,328.7 1,303.5 1,301.8 1,326.4 1,339.6 1,346.9 1,337.9 Nondurable goods.................... 2,668.2 2,650.1 2,676.6 2,599.7 2,651.8 2,684.4 2,664.6 2,632.9 Services.............................. 7,917.5 8,293.1 8,081.3 8,153.9 8,250.2 8,334.9 8,433.1 8,540.3 Personal interest payments\4\........... 254.2 268.5 263.1 261.3 269.3 269.4 274.1 274.6 Personal current transfer payments...... 173.6 177.1 178.0 175.5 176.8 177.8 178.3 184.0 To government......................... 95.3 97.7 95.9 97.0 97.2 97.8 98.7 103.8 To the rest of the world (net)........ 78.3 79.4 82.2 78.5 79.6 80.0 79.7 80.2 Equals: Personal saving................... 620.2 677.5 614.3 687.6 663.9 680.2 678.3 712.3 Personal saving as a percentage of disposable personal income............. 4.8 5.1 4.7 5.2 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.2 Addenda: Personal income excluding current transfer receipts, billions of chained (2009) dollars\5\...................... 11,149.8 11,584.1 11,329.0 11,447.6 11,542.2 11,635.1 11,711.7 11,792.3 Disposable personal income: Total, billions of chained (2009) dollars\5\........................... 11,836.3 12,239.5 11,998.7 12,114.7 12,193.6 12,289.8 12,360.2 12,448.5 Per capita: Current dollars..................... 40,453 41,638 40,962 41,088 41,509 41,881 42,069 42,327 Chained (2009) dollars.............. 37,077 38,046 37,470 37,767 37,947 38,165 38,303 38,511 Population (midperiod, thousands)\6\.... 319,233 321,704 320,222 320,771 321,337 322,015 322,693 323,242 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Includes actual employer contributions and actuarially imputed employer contributions to reflect benefits accrued by defined benefit pension plan participants through service to employers in the current period. 2. Social security benefits include old-age, survivors, and disability insurance benefits that are distributed from the federal old-age and survivors insurance trust fund and the disability insurance trust fund. 3. Medicare benefits include hospital and supplementary medical insurance benefits that are distributed from the federal hospital insurance trust fund and the supplementary medical insurance trust fund. 4. Consists of nonmortgage interest paid by households. 5. The current-dollar measure is deflated by the implicit price deflator for personal consumption expenditures. 6. Population is the total population of the United States, including the Armed Forces overseas and the institutionalized population. The monthly estimate is the average of estimates for the first of the month and the first of the following month; the annual and quarterly estimates are averages of the monthly estimates. Table 3. Personal Income and Its Disposition, Change From Preceding Period (Months) [Billions of dollars] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------Seasonally adjusted at annual rates------------------------- ------------------------2015------------------------ -------------2016------------- Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan.\r\ Feb.\r\ March\p\ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Personal income........................... 44.5 21.5 47.8 40.5 40.2 63.3 12.0 57.4 Compensation of employees............... 29.8 -1.4 50.4 47.2 19.6 51.9 -1.6 34.6 Wages and salaries.................... 24.4 -4.1 44.1 40.8 14.9 45.8 -4.6 29.2 Private industries.................. 21.4 -4.9 42.8 38.6 12.5 40.1 -8.0 26.3 Goods-producing industries........ 0.9 -6.9 8.3 16.4 -11.3 9.5 -4.8 0.9 Manufacturing................... 0.8 -4.7 3.8 11.4 -11.5 7.3 -3.6 -0.8 Services-producing industries..... 20.5 2.0 34.5 22.3 23.8 30.6 -3.2 25.4 Trade, transportation, and utilities...................... 4.7 2.4 5.9 4.6 4.1 2.3 0.6 4.6 Other services-producing industries..................... 15.8 -0.4 28.6 17.7 19.7 28.3 -3.8 20.8 Government.......................... 3.0 0.8 1.3 2.2 2.4 5.7 3.4 2.8 Supplements to wages and salaries..... 5.3 2.8 6.2 6.4 4.7 6.1 3.0 5.4 Employer contributions for employee pension and insurance funds\1\..... 4.0 3.5 3.7 3.9 4.1 3.9 3.9 4.0 Employer contributions for government social insurance........ 1.3 -0.7 2.6 2.5 0.5 2.2 -0.9 1.4 Proprietors' income with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments............................ 0.1 6.1 2.8 -6.0 11.3 2.2 -2.4 0.6 Farm.................................. 2.8 2.8 -5.5 -5.5 -5.5 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9 Nonfarm............................... -2.6 3.3 8.3 -0.6 16.7 3.0 -1.6 1.5 Rental income of persons with capital consumption adjustment................. 1.8 2.4 2.6 3.2 3.7 4.4 5.2 5.4 Personal income receipts on assets...... 5.8 6.6 -6.8 -5.8 -9.5 6.2 -4.3 12.5 Personal interest income.............. 2.0 2.0 -9.3 -9.3 -9.3 6.0 6.0 6.0 Personal dividend income.............. 3.8 4.6 2.6 3.5 -0.2 0.2 -10.3 6.6 Personal current transfer receipts...... 9.9 6.9 4.2 7.1 16.7 7.9 14.0 7.6 Government social benefits to persons.............................. 9.7 6.7 4.0 6.9 16.5 7.8 13.8 7.4 Social security\2\.................. 3.7 -0.6 2.2 0.6 11.1 -4.5 2.3 -0.2 Medicare\3\......................... 2.6 2.8 3.2 3.1 3.0 3.4 3.2 3.0 Medicaid............................ 3.6 4.5 -0.2 0.8 3.9 1.1 2.3 2.1 Unemployment insurance.............. 0.2 -0.6 -0.9 0.5 0.5 0.1 -0.1 -0.6 Veterans' benefits.................. -0.4 0.8 0.7 2.2 0.4 -0.7 0.5 0.9 Other............................... 0.1 -0.3 -1.1 -0.3 -2.4 8.5 5.6 2.1 Other current transfer receipts, from business (net)....................... 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 Less: Contributions for government social insurance, domestic............. 2.9 -1.0 5.4 5.1 1.5 9.1 -1.2 3.3 Less: Personal current taxes.............. 4.5 0.1 16.5 12.6 5.9 13.5 0.6 6.9 Equals: Disposable personal income........ 40.0 21.5 31.2 28.0 34.4 49.9 11.4 50.4 Less: Personal outlays.................... 34.9 21.1 22.2 53.4 22.3 22.8 20.0 11.2 Personal consumption expenditures....... 37.0 23.1 18.8 49.5 18.4 19.1 21.4 12.8 Goods................................. 6.9 -20.5 -7.4 22.2 -25.8 -15.2 -27.4 7.4 Durable goods....................... 4.6 6.2 -6.3 14.9 -6.1 -7.9 1.1 -8.4 Nondurable goods.................... 2.3 -26.7 -1.1 7.3 -19.7 -7.3 -28.5 15.8 Services.............................. 30.1 43.6 26.2 27.3 44.2 34.3 48.7 5.3 Personal interest payments\4\........... -2.3 -2.3 3.5 3.5 3.5 -1.5 -1.5 -1.5 Personal current transfer payments...... 0.2 0.3 -0.1 0.3 0.4 5.3 0.1 0.0 To government......................... 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 4.7 0.1 0.0 To the rest of the world (net)........ 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 Equals: Personal saving................... 5.1 0.4 9.0 -25.4 12.1 27.0 -8.6 39.2 Addenda: Personal income excluding current transfer receipts, billions of chained (2009) dollars\5\...................... 33.8 19.9 31.0 15.9 31.2 35.0 9.8 39.0 Disposable personal income, billions of chained (2009) dollars\5\.............. 38.9 26.5 19.2 10.1 41.6 29.1 22.6 39.2 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p Preliminary r Revised 1. Includes actual employer contributions and actuarially imputed employer contributions to reflect benefits accrued by defined benefit pension plan participants through service to employers in the current period. 2. Social security benefits include old-age, survivors, and disability insurance benefits that are distributed from the federal old-age and survivors insurance trust fund and the disability insurance trust fund. 3. Medicare benefits include hospital and supplementary medical insurance benefits that are distributed from the federal hospital insurance trust fund and the supplementary medical insurance trust fund. 4. Consists of nonmortgage interest paid by households. 5. The current-dollar measure is deflated by the implicit price deflator for personal consumption expenditures. Table 4. Personal Income and Its Disposition, Change From Preceding Period (Years and Quarters) [Billions of dollars] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2014 2015 --------------Seasonally adjusted at annual rates-------------- 2014 -------------------2015------------------- 2016 IV I II III IV I ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Personal income........................... 625.8 646.2 180.9 124.2 197.2 166.7 117.4 130.8 Compensation of employees............... 409.3 405.9 135.0 63.0 127.2 94.3 97.4 91.1 Wages and salaries.................... 363.4 346.2 118.7 49.8 109.3 78.2 81.7 76.0 Private industries.................. 333.8 314.7 113.7 41.5 100.8 69.1 76.6 64.7 Goods-producing industries........ 70.8 45.5 26.3 -4.9 15.2 8.3 11.1 4.5 Manufacturing................... 34.0 20.8 15.0 -4.4 9.6 2.4 4.7 0.8 Services-producing industries..... 263.0 269.2 87.4 46.4 85.5 60.8 65.5 60.2 Trade, transportation, and utilities...................... 57.0 59.6 24.1 7.6 18.2 14.3 13.5 8.5 Other services-producing industries..................... 206.0 209.5 63.3 38.8 67.3 46.4 51.9 51.7 Government.......................... 29.6 31.5 5.0 8.3 8.6 9.2 5.1 11.3 Supplements to wages and salaries..... 45.9 59.7 16.3 13.2 17.9 16.1 15.7 15.1 Employer contributions for employee pension and insurance funds\1\..... 26.2 40.3 9.1 10.5 11.6 11.9 11.3 11.9 Employer contributions for government social insurance........ 19.7 19.5 7.1 2.7 6.3 4.2 4.4 3.2 Proprietors' income with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments............................ 61.6 41.6 20.1 -8.4 7.5 23.1 6.7 6.3 Farm.................................. -10.6 -18.2 -2.3 -14.3 -3.6 8.3 -8.1 -7.2 Nonfarm............................... 72.2 59.9 22.4 5.9 11.2 14.8 14.8 13.4 Rental income of persons with capital consumption adjustment................. 47.4 45.8 10.0 8.5 17.1 9.5 8.2 13.1 Personal income receipts on assets...... 57.1 62.9 15.6 14.9 32.8 24.5 -7.5 -0.8 Personal interest income.............. 30.7 10.3 1.7 -7.3 30.8 21.6 -16.6 2.6 Personal dividend income.............. 26.5 52.7 13.9 22.2 2.0 2.9 9.1 -3.5 Personal current transfer receipts...... 102.5 133.5 14.5 54.8 25.5 24.3 22.4 33.2 Government social benefits to persons.............................. 101.7 132.3 14.5 54.5 25.0 23.8 21.8 32.7 Social security\2\.................. 35.6 37.2 6.6 17.9 7.8 5.1 7.2 4.6 Medicare\3\......................... 23.2 22.0 4.5 4.5 5.5 7.1 9.0 9.5 Medicaid............................ 47.7 47.5 1.2 16.9 5.1 11.4 5.9 6.3 Unemployment insurance.............. -26.5 -2.5 -1.8 2.2 -1.9 -0.2 -0.8 0.3 Veterans' benefits.................. 4.7 10.7 2.9 4.1 3.3 1.0 2.7 0.8 Other............................... 17.1 17.4 1.1 9.0 5.2 -0.6 -2.2 11.2 Other current transfer receipts, from business (net)....................... 0.8 1.2 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 Less: Contributions for government social insurance, domestic............. 52.2 43.6 14.3 8.6 13.1 9.0 9.6 12.1 Less: Personal current taxes.............. 107.5 165.2 46.8 61.2 38.6 18.6 28.4 24.3 Equals: Disposable personal income........ 518.3 481.0 134.1 62.9 158.6 148.1 89.0 106.5 Less: Personal outlays.................... 488.0 423.7 125.6 -10.3 182.3 131.7 90.9 72.5 Personal consumption expenditures....... 473.7 405.9 112.3 -5.9 172.9 130.6 85.7 66.4 Goods................................. 111.7 30.4 -7.2 -78.6 76.6 45.9 -12.5 -40.8 Durable goods....................... 42.4 48.5 8.4 -1.7 24.5 13.3 7.3 -9.1 Nondurable goods.................... 69.3 -18.1 -15.6 -76.9 52.1 32.7 -19.9 -31.7 Services.............................. 362.0 375.5 119.6 72.7 96.3 84.7 98.2 107.1 Personal interest payments\4\........... 10.1 14.3 8.8 -1.8 8.0 0.1 4.7 0.5 Personal current transfer payments...... 4.3 3.5 4.5 -2.6 1.3 1.0 0.5 5.7 To government......................... 2.7 2.4 0.2 1.1 0.2 0.6 0.9 5.1 To the rest of the world (net)........ 1.6 1.2 4.3 -3.7 1.1 0.4 -0.3 0.6 Equals: Personal saving................... 30.3 57.3 8.6 73.2 -23.7 16.4 -1.9 33.9 Addenda: Personal income excluding current transfer receipts, billions of chained (2009) dollars\5\...................... 327.5 434.3 164.4 118.7 94.5 93.0 76.5 80.6 Disposable personal income, billions of chained (2009) dollars\5\.............. 313.2 403.3 135.6 115.9 78.9 96.1 70.5 88.3 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Includes actual employer contributions and actuarially imputed employer contributions to reflect benefits accrued by defined benefit pension plan participants through service to employers in the current period. 2. Social security benefits include old-age, survivors, and disability insurance benefits that are distributed from the federal old-age and survivors insurance trust fund and the disability insurance trust fund. 3. Medicare benefits include hospital and supplementary medical insurance benefits that are distributed from the federal hospital insurance trust fund and the supplementary medical insurance trust fund. 4. Consists of nonmortgage interest paid by households. 5. The current-dollar measure is deflated by the implicit price deflator for personal consumption expenditures. Table 5. Personal Income and Its Disposition, Percent Change From Preceding Period (Months) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------Seasonally adjusted at monthly rates------------------------- ------------------------2015------------------------ -------------2016------------- Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan.\r\ Feb.\r\ March\p\ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Based on current-dollar measures Personal income........................... 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.4 Compensation of employees............... 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.3 Wages and salaries.................... 0.3 -0.1 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.6 -0.1 0.4 Supplements to wages and salaries..... 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 Proprietors' income with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments............................ 0.0 0.4 0.2 -0.4 0.8 0.2 -0.2 0.0 Rental income of persons with capital consumption adjustment................. 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.8 Personal income receipts on assets...... 0.3 0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.3 -0.2 0.6 Personal interest income.............. 0.2 0.2 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 Personal dividend income.............. 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.0 -1.2 0.8 Personal current transfer receipts...... 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.3 Less: Contributions for government social insurance, domestic............. 0.2 -0.1 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.7 -0.1 0.3 Less: Personal current taxes.............. 0.2 0.0 0.8 0.6 0.3 0.7 0.0 0.3 Equals: Disposable personal income........ 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.4 Addenda: Personal consumption expenditures....... 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 Goods................................. 0.2 -0.5 -0.2 0.6 -0.6 -0.4 -0.7 0.2 Durable goods....................... 0.3 0.5 -0.5 1.1 -0.4 -0.6 0.1 -0.6 Nondurable goods.................... 0.1 -1.0 0.0 0.3 -0.7 -0.3 -1.1 0.6 Services.............................. 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.1 Based on chained (2009) dollar measures Real personal income excluding transfer receipts............................... 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.3 Real disposable personal income......... 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p Preliminary r Revised Table 6. Personal Income and Its Disposition, Percent Change From Preceding Period (Years and Quarters) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2014 2015 --------------Seasonally adjusted at annual rates-------------- 2014 -------------------2015------------------- 2016 IV I II III IV I ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Based on current-dollar measures Personal income........................... 4.4 4.4 5.0 3.4 5.3 4.4 3.1 3.4 Compensation of employees............... 4.6 4.4 5.9 2.7 5.5 4.0 4.1 3.8 Wages and salaries.................... 5.1 4.6 6.5 2.6 5.8 4.1 4.2 3.9 Supplements to wages and salaries..... 2.7 3.4 3.7 3.0 4.0 3.6 3.5 3.3 Proprietors' income with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments............................ 4.8 3.1 6.1 -2.4 2.2 6.9 1.9 1.8 Rental income of persons with capital consumption adjustment................. 8.4 7.5 6.6 5.5 11.2 5.9 5.0 8.0 Personal income receipts on assets...... 2.8 3.0 3.0 2.8 6.3 4.6 -1.4 -0.2 Personal interest income.............. 2.4 0.8 0.5 -2.2 10.0 6.7 -4.9 0.8 Personal dividend income.............. 3.4 6.5 6.9 11.0 0.9 1.3 4.3 -1.6 Personal current transfer receipts...... 4.2 5.3 2.3 8.8 3.9 3.7 3.4 5.0 Less: Contributions for government social insurance, domestic............. 4.7 3.8 5.0 3.0 4.5 3.0 3.2 4.0 Less: Personal current taxes.............. 6.4 9.3 10.9 14.0 8.4 3.9 5.9 5.0 Equals: Disposable personal income........ 4.2 3.7 4.2 1.9 4.9 4.5 2.7 3.2 Addenda: Personal consumption expenditures....... 4.2 3.4 3.8 -0.2 5.9 4.3 2.8 2.1 Goods................................. 2.9 0.8 -0.7 -7.7 8.1 4.7 -1.2 -4.0 Durable goods....................... 3.4 3.8 2.6 -0.5 7.8 4.1 2.2 -2.7 Nondurable goods.................... 2.7 -0.7 -2.3 -11.0 8.3 5.0 -2.9 -4.7 Services.............................. 4.8 4.7 6.1 3.6 4.8 4.2 4.8 5.2 Based on chained (2009) dollar measures Real personal income excluding transfer receipts............................... 3.0 3.9 6.0 4.3 3.3 3.3 2.7 2.8 Real disposable personal income......... 2.7 3.4 4.7 3.9 2.6 3.2 2.3 2.9 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table 7. Real Personal Consumption Expenditures by Major Type of Product (Months) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------2015------------------------ -------------2016------------- Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan.\r\ Feb.\r\ March\p\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Billions of chained (2009) dollars, seasonally adjusted at annual rates Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)... 11,265.2 11,292.7 11,301.3 11,332.3 11,358.5 11,361.0 11,391.6 11,397.1 Goods......................................... 3,909.0 3,909.1 3,902.6 3,927.6 3,923.6 3,916.6 3,913.6 3,927.1 Durable goods............................... 1,484.1 1,487.0 1,483.2 1,503.8 1,499.4 1,487.3 1,492.6 1,488.4 Nondurable goods............................ 2,452.5 2,450.2 2,447.2 2,453.7 2,453.5 2,457.0 2,449.8 2,466.1 Services...................................... 7,359.7 7,386.2 7,400.4 7,407.9 7,436.8 7,445.4 7,477.4 7,470.8 Change from preceding period in billions of chained (2009) dollars, seasonally adjusted at annual rates Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)... 35.9 27.4 8.6 31.0 26.2 2.4 30.6 5.5 Goods......................................... 21.3 0.1 -6.5 25.0 -4.0 -7.0 -3.0 13.5 Durable goods............................... 10.1 3.0 -3.8 20.5 -4.3 -12.2 5.3 -4.2 Nondurable goods............................ 11.6 -2.3 -3.0 6.5 -0.2 3.5 -7.3 16.3 Services...................................... 15.4 26.5 14.3 7.4 28.9 8.6 32.1 -6.7 Percent change from preceding period in chained (2009) dollars, seasonally adjusted at monthly rates Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)... 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.0 Goods......................................... 0.5 0.0 -0.2 0.6 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.3 Durable goods............................... 0.7 0.2 -0.3 1.4 -0.3 -0.8 0.4 -0.3 Nondurable goods............................ 0.5 -0.1 -0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.7 Services...................................... 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.4 -0.1 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p Preliminary r Revised Table 8. Real Personal Consumption Expenditures by Major Type of Product (Years and Quarters) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2014 2015 --------------Seasonally adjusted at annual rates-------------- 2014 -------------------2015------------------- 2016 IV I II III IV I --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Billions of chained (2009) dollars Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)... 10,875.7 11,213.3 11,033.3 11,081.2 11,178.9 11,262.4 11,330.7 11,383.2 Goods......................................... 3,731.2 3,869.6 3,793.2 3,803.7 3,855.0 3,902.0 3,917.9 3,919.1 Durable goods............................... 1,384.1 1,466.5 1,423.5 1,430.4 1,458.3 1,481.7 1,495.5 1,489.4 Nondurable goods............................ 2,367.8 2,430.0 2,393.7 2,397.8 2,423.0 2,447.9 2,451.5 2,457.6 Services...................................... 7,144.6 7,345.3 7,240.4 7,277.4 7,325.3 7,363.4 7,415.0 7,464.5 Change from preceding period in billions of chained (2009) dollars Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)... 285.3 337.6 114.7 48.0 97.7 83.5 68.3 52.5 Goods......................................... 118.4 138.5 38.0 10.5 51.3 47.0 16.0 1.2 Durable goods............................... 76.5 82.4 21.0 7.0 27.8 23.4 13.8 -6.1 Nondurable goods............................ 48.0 62.2 18.5 4.1 25.2 24.9 3.6 6.1 Services...................................... 167.6 200.7 76.5 37.0 47.9 38.1 51.6 49.5 Percent change from preceding period in chained (2009) dollars Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)... 2.7 3.1 4.3 1.8 3.6 3.0 2.4 1.9 Goods......................................... 3.3 3.7 4.1 1.1 5.5 5.0 1.6 0.1 Durable goods............................... 5.9 6.0 6.1 2.0 8.0 6.6 3.8 -1.6 Nondurable goods............................ 2.1 2.6 3.1 0.7 4.3 4.2 0.6 1.0 Services...................................... 2.4 2.8 4.3 2.1 2.7 2.1 2.8 2.7 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table 9. Price Indexes for Personal Consumption Expenditures: Level and Percent Change From Preceding Period (Months) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------2015------------------------ -------------2016------------- Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan.\r\ Feb.\r\ March\p\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Chain-type price indexes (2009=100), seasonally adjusted Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)... 109.753 109.691 109.774 109.911 109.819 109.963 109.855 109.914 Goods......................................... 103.172 102.643 102.626 102.540 101.988 101.782 101.159 101.000 Durable goods............................... 90.216 90.452 90.262 90.019 89.872 90.076 89.832 89.520 Nondurable goods............................ 109.848 108.862 108.949 108.959 108.166 107.713 106.869 106.804 Services...................................... 113.196 113.381 113.516 113.771 113.923 114.252 114.414 114.587 Addenda: PCE excluding food and energy............... 109.603 109.794 109.860 110.020 110.095 110.419 110.598 110.655 Food\1\..................................... 111.176 111.371 111.461 111.197 110.867 110.705 110.911 110.412 Energy goods and services\2\................ 107.856 102.512 102.840 103.133 100.033 97.051 90.765 91.777 Market-based PCE\3\......................... 108.547 108.480 108.565 108.658 108.542 108.595 108.504 108.554 Market-based PCE excluding food and energy\3\.................................. 108.174 108.395 108.461 108.574 108.644 108.889 109.129 109.175 Percent change from preceding period in price indexes, seasonally adjusted at monthly rates Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)... 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.1 Goods......................................... -0.4 -0.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.5 -0.2 -0.6 -0.2 Durable goods............................... -0.3 0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 0.2 -0.3 -0.3 Nondurable goods............................ -0.4 -0.9 0.1 0.0 -0.7 -0.4 -0.8 -0.1 Services...................................... 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.2 Addenda: PCE excluding food and energy............... 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 Food\1\..................................... 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 0.2 -0.4 Energy goods and services\2\................ -2.3 -5.0 0.3 0.3 -3.0 -3.0 -6.5 1.1 Market-based PCE\3\......................... 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 Market-based PCE excluding food and energy\3\.................................. 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p Preliminary r Revised 1. Food consists of food and beverages purchased for off-premises consumption; food services, which include purchased meals and beverages, are not classified as food. 2. Consists of gasoline and other energy goods and of electricity and gas services. 3. Market-based PCE is a supplemental measure that is based on household expenditures for which there are observable price measures. It excludes most imputed transactions (for example, financial services furnished without payment) and the final consumption expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households. Table 10. Real Disposable Personal Income and Real Personal Consumption Expenditures: Percent Change From Month One Year Ago ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------2015------------------------ -------------2016------------- Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan.\r\ Feb.\r\ March\p\ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Disposable personal income................ 3.5 3.7 3.4 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.6 3.1 Personal consumption expenditures......... 3.0 3.1 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.9 2.6 Goods................................... 3.6 4.1 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.5 2.5 Durable goods......................... 5.0 6.0 5.2 5.0 5.0 4.2 5.2 3.0 Nondurable goods...................... 2.9 3.2 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.6 2.6 2.3 Services................................ 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.7 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p Preliminary r Revised Table 11. Price Indexes for Personal Consumption Expenditures: Percent Change From Month One Year Ago --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------2015------------------------ -------------2016------------- Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan.\r\ Feb.\r\ March\p\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Personal consumption expenditures (PCE)... 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.7 1.3 1.0 0.8 Goods......................................... -2.7 -3.2 -3.1 -2.3 -1.9 -0.5 -1.4 -1.8 Durable goods............................... -2.3 -1.9 -2.0 -1.7 -1.3 -0.9 -1.4 -1.6 Nondurable goods............................ -3.0 -3.9 -3.6 -2.6 -2.2 -0.3 -1.4 -1.9 Services...................................... 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.1 Addenda: PCE excluding food and energy............... 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.6 Food\1\..................................... 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 Energy goods and services\2\................ -16.2 -19.7 -18.3 -14.3 -12.4 -5.3 -12.4 -12.7 Market-based PCE\3\......................... 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.8 0.7 Market-based PCE excluding food and energy\3\.................................. 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p Preliminary r Revised 1. Food consists of food and beverages purchased for off-premises consumption; food services, which include purchased meals and beverages, are not classified as food. 2. Consists of gasoline and other energy goods and of electricity and gas services. 3. Market-based PCE is a supplemental measure that is based on household expenditures for which there are observable price measures. It excludes most imputed transactions (for example, financial services furnished without payment) and the final consumption expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households.